The fast rule
If a photo needs someone else’s face, doorway, workplace, home, ceremony, or quiet street to succeed, ask first or skip it.
Private spaces can look public
Historic streets, alleys, old townhouses, small shops, and temple neighborhoods often look like open sightseeing spaces. Many are still everyday work and living spaces.
Avoid photographing through windows, over walls, into courtyards, or toward private gardens. Do not enter a lane, shop, or property just because other tourists are doing it.
People photos
Ask before close photos of staff, craftspeople, children, performers, worshippers, or residents. A smile and a camera gesture can work, but a spoken question is better when you are close.
If someone says no, lower the camera immediately. If you already took the photo, delete it and apologize.
Street flow
Group shots, tripods, and selfie sticks can block narrow lanes quickly. Step fully to the side, keep the shot short, and avoid bus stops, crosswalks, shop doors, station gates, and temple approaches.
Special caution in Kyoto and old districts
Some districts have had serious crowding and photography problems. In those areas, signs and local requests are not decoration. They are part of keeping the neighborhood open to visitors.